Vocabulary - Alphabetized List


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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Word Origins


"A"

Abatement The ending, reduction, or lessening of something.
Accountability Liable to be called to account: responsible. To furnish a reckoning of money received and paid out. A business relation in which credit is used. Account for your actions.
Aglet or Aiglet Shoe String Plastic Ends: metal or plastic sheath over the end of a shoelace or ribbon.
Attitude 1. A bodily posture showing or meant to show a mental state, emotion, or mood. 2. a manner of acting, feeling, or thinking that shows one's disposition, opinion, etc. 3. Position of an aircraft in relation to a given point of reference, usually on the ground level.
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"B"

Bellicose Demonstrating aggression and willingness to fight.
Bored Uninterested, dull, uninteresting, or monotonous.
Buss Kiss, lip, especially in a rough or playful manner.
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"C"

Chimera Greek mythology - A fire-breathing monster, represented as having a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail. Also, an impossible or foolish fancy.
Commitment To bring together; trust for safekeeping. A pledge or promise. A financial liability undertaken.
Condolence Expression of sympathy with another in grief.
Con-Man The Con in Con-man is from confidence; they were called "Confidence Tricksters" in the late 19th century.
Conundrum A confusing and difficult problem or question.
Cynic A member of a sect of ancient Greek philosophers who held virtue to be the only good, and stressed independence from worldly needs and pleasures; they became critical of the rest of society and its material interests; hence, 2. a cynical person. 3. a person who believes that people are motivated in all their actions entirely by selfishness.
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"D"

Dastardly Like or characteristic of a dastard; mean and sulking; cowardly and brutal.
Debt (see Indentured): To owe, something owed by one person to another or others. An obligation or liability to pay or return something. The condition of owing: as, to be in debt. In theology, a sin.
Diametric 1. Of, relating to, or along a diameter. 2. Exactly opposite; contrary. Characterized by opposite extremes; completely opposed; "in diametric contradiction to his claims"; "diametrical (or opposite) points of view"; "opposite meanings"; "extreme and indefensible polar positions."
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"E"

Empathy The projection of one's own personality into the personality of another in order to understand him or her better; intellectual identification of oneself with another.
Esteem To value, appraise, estimate; one who cuts copper, mints money. 1. To value highly; have great regard for or a favorable opinion of; prize; respect; as, ability is always esteemed. 2. To consider; regard; hold to be: as, we esteem this theory uselss. n. 1. favorable opinion; high regard; respect: as, he is held in high esteem. 2. An opinion; estimation.
Euphimistic To use a good or auspicious word for an evil inauspicious. Of good sound or omen. The use of a word or phrase that is less expressive or direct but considered less distasteful, less offensive, etc. than another.
Euphoria Power of bearing easily, bearing well, a feeling of well being; especially in psychology, an abnormal feeling of buoyant vigor and health.
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"F"

Facetious Lightly joking, especially at an inappropriate time.
Fair In accordance with the rules or standards; legitimate. Without cheating or trying to achieve unjust advantage. Synonyms: just - equitable - honest - fine - beautiful - clear.
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"G"

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"H"

Heresy Belief or opinion contrary to orthodox religious (especially Christian) doctrine.
Heretic A person holding an opinion at odds with what is generally accepted.
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"I"

Impacted Pressed tightly together; driven firmly in; wedged in; especially, firmly lodged in the jaw: said of a tooth unable to erupt because of its abnormal position.
Indentured Indentured servitude was a form of debt bondage, established in the early years of the American colonies and elsewhere.
Indignant To consider as unworthy or improper. Feeling or expressing anger or scorn, especially at unjust, mean, or ungrateful action or treatment.
Indignation Anger or scorn resulting from injustice, ingratitude, or meanness; righteous anger.
Indignity Unworthiness. Something that humiliates, insults, or injures the dignity or self-respect of a person.
Indolent Disliking or avoiding work; idle, lazy. In medicine, causing little or no pain: as, an indolent cyst.
Injunction 1. (Law) Law an instruction or order issued by a court order prohibiting a party from a specific course of action, esp to refrain from some act, such as causing a nuisance 2. a command, admonition, etc. 3. the act of enjoining.
Integrity The quality or state of being complete; unbroken condition; wholeness; entirety. The quality or state of being unimpaired; perfect condition; soundness. The quality or state of being of sound moral princlple; uprightness, honesty, and sincerity.
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"J"

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"K"

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"L"

Lazy Slack, loose. Not eager or willing to work or exert oneself. Indolent, slothful. Slow and heavy, sluggish.
Luck Success or failure apparently brought by chance rather than through one's own actions. The word is derived from Lucifer and gives control of an outcome to forces beyond control based on personal actions.
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"M"

Mitigation The action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something.
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"N"

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"O"

Oppressive 1. Hard to put up with; burdensome. 2. Cruelly overbearing; tyrannical. 3. Weighing heavily on the mind, spirits, or senses; causing physical or mental distress.
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"P"

Paradigm A typical example or pattern of something; a model.
Paranoia Para=Beside / Nous=The Mind.
In psychiatry, a mental disorder characterized by systematized delusions, as of grandeur or persecution.
Pique Stimulate (interest or curiosity). Piques my interest.
Philo Meaning loving, liking, having a predilection for.
Philosophy
Definition #1		 1. Originally, love of wisdom or knowledge.
2. A study of the processes governing thought and conduct; theory or investigation of the principles or laws that regulate the universe and underlie all knowledge and reality included in the study are aesthetics, ethics, logic, metaphysics, etc.
3. The general principles or laws of a field of knowledge, activity, etc: as, the philosophy of economics.
4.(a) A particular system of principles for the conduct of life. (b) A treatise covering such a system.
5. A study of human morals, character, and behavior; hence,
6. The mental balance believed to result from this; calmness; composure.
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Philosophy
Definition #2		 1. Philo - A liking for a specified thing.
2. Sophy - Science of
Plethora To become full. The state of being too full; overabundance; excess. An abnormal condition characterized by an excess of blood in the circulatory system or in some part of it.
Presumptuous Adjective. Of a person or their behavior) failing to observe the limits of what is permitted or appropriate. Synonyms: brazen, overconfident, arrogant, bold, audacious, forward, familiar, impertinent, insolent, impudent, cocky.
Punctual To puncture, make a point. Of or like a point; minute. Carefully observant of an appointed time; prompt.
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"Q"

Quarantine The first formal process for curbing the spread of infection by detaining travelers from an affected region until their health was proved was instituted in what is now Dubrovnik, Croatia, in 1377, against the bubonic plague. (This temporal buffer was originally 30 days, but when that proved too short, it was extended to 40 days, or quaranta giorni, from which we derive the word “quarantine.”)
Quintessential Typical. Representing the most perfect or typical example of a quality or class.
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"R"

Rapacious Adjective: 1. Taking by force; plundering. 2. Greedy; voracious; ravenous. 3. living on captured prey; said of animals or birds.
Reciprocity Reciprocal state or relationship; mutual action, dependence, etc. A reciprocating; interchange; mutual exchange; especially, exchange of special privileges between two countries, to the advantage of both, as mutual reduction of tariffs.
Relationship 1. Connection; a being related. 2. Connection by blood or marriage; kinship. 3. The connection between persons in business or private affairs.
Religion 1. To bind together, to be concerned. 2. Belief in a divine or super human poower to be obeyed and worshipped as the creator of the universe. 3. Expression of this belief in conduct and ritual often involving a cose of ethics and a philosophy. 4. Any system of beliefs, practices, ethical values, etc. 5. A way of life expressing love for and trust in God and one's will and effort to act according to the will of God.
Resentful Feeling of displeasure and indignation, from a sense of being injured or offended by some act or remark.
Respect To feel or show honor, reverance, or esteem for; consider or treat with courtesy. Courteous expressions for the feelings of others.
Reverance Regard or treat with deep respect.
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"S"

Sciatica Pain affecting the back, hip, and outer side of the leg, caused by compression of a spinal nerve root in the lower back, often owing to degeneration of an intervertebral disk.
Sedition Conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state or monarch.
Slave A word first applied to captives of Slavic origin in Southeastern Europe. A human being who is owned by and absolutely subject to another human being, as by capture, purchase, or birth. Bond servant divested of all freedom and personal rightsA person who is completely dominated by some influence, habit, etc.; as slaves to fashion.
Sublime 1. Of such excellence, grandeur, or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe.
2. Elevate to a high degree of moral or spiritual purity or excellence.
Surreal Resembling a dream. Similar: Unreal (not actually such; being or seeming fanciful or imaginary).
Sympathy Sameness of feeling between persons. A mutual liking or understanding arising from sameness of feeling. Pity or passion for another's trouble and suffering.
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"T"

Tenacious To hold, holding firmly. That retains well, retentive. That holds together strongly, cohesive, tough. That clings, adhesive, sticky. Persistent, stubborn.
Treason The crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill the sovereign or overthrow the government.
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"U"

Ukemi Ukemi in a literary sense means "receiving body or self." In the simplest terms possible, the "uke" part of ukemi as in Tori and Uke means "receiving" and is a person who is on the receiving end of throw. It is always used in a passive sense. Mi means "body or self".
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"V"

Vehement Eager, to carry. Acting or moving with great force; violent, impetuous. Fervent, passionate, intense. Characterized by intense feeling or passioate expression.
Visceral 1. of or pertaining to the viscera. 2. affecting the viscera. 3. of the nature of or resembling viscera. 4. characterized by or proceeding from instinct rather than intellect: a visceral reaction. 5. characterized by or dealing with coarse or base emotions; earthy; crude: a visceral literary style.
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"W"

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"X"

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"Y"

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"Z"

WORD ORIGINS

Word Origins

Cobweb The Old English word for "spider" was "cob".
Jerry Built
(Jourie Rigged)		 Originated in Liverpool, England - 1860. Reinforced by nautical term jury, built poorly, of cheap materials. Jerry Rigged or Jourie Rigged: French term meaning "rigged for the day".
Ostracize Greek, a shell, to banish, bar, shut out. The ancient Greeks would banish people from their fishing villages by casting a vote. They did not use paper, but instead would use oyster shells. An unmarked shell would be a favorable vote and a shell with a black mark would be a vote to ban the person in question. A person voted out of the village was literally "oyster-shelled" or ostracized.
Three Sheets to
(in) the Wind		 Drunk. In a sailing vessel, a "sheet" is a rope that controls a sail; if it is allowed to go slack, it is said to be "in the wind," and as a result the sail is ineffective. If several sheets are in the wind, the ship goes erratically, like a drunkard. Pierce Egan offered the metaphorical meaning in Real Life in London (1821): "Old Wax and Bristles is about three sheets in the wind."
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Trivia Latin term meaning "Three Roads." The saying, "All roads lead to Rome" motivated a businessman in ancient Rome to build an inn to the north of Rome where three roads intersected. He figured that travelers would be hungry and thirsty after their long journeys. Most of his patrons were businessmen who entered his inn to relax and escape the stress of their journey. The inn and the style of conversation became synonomous with idle and unimportant talk.
Gossip British colonization of America eventually led to the American Revolution. The British employed a spying tactic of going to the local inn to sip ale with the locals and learn valuable information. The order given for this technique was "Go Sip." The term eventually melted together and became gossip meaning a person who chatters or repeats idle talk and rumors about others.
Ship State Rooms Traveling by steamboat was considered the height of comfort. Passenger cabins on the boats were not numbered. Instead they were named after states. To this day cabins on ships are called staterooms.
Sleep Tight Early beds were made with a wooden frame. Ropes were tied across the frame in a criss-cross pattern. A straw mattress was then put on top of the ropes. Over time the ropes stretched, causing the bed to sag. The owner would then tighten the ropes to get a better night's sleep.
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